人称代词
1. 人称代词的词汇
a) 人称代词主格 (在句中作主语)
单数第一人称: I (我)
单数第二人称: you (你)
单数第三人称: he, she, it (他,她,它)
复数第一人称: we(我们)
复数第二人称: you(你们)
复数第三人称: they (他们/她们/它们)
b) 人称代词宾格 (在句中作宾语)
单数第一人称: me (我)
单数第二人称: you (你)
单数第三人称: him, her, it(他,她,它)
复数第一人称: us(我们)
复数第二人称: you(你们)
复数第三人称: them (他们/她们/它们)
2. 人称代词在句中的作用
1) 作主语
I am a student. 我是一名学生。
She is very beautiful. 她很漂亮。
You can't do this. 你不能做这个。
2) 作宾语
I don't know him. 我不认识他。
He gives me money. 他给我钱。
Do you like it? 你喜欢它吗?
They won't believe us. 他们不会相信我们的。
3) 作表语
It's me. 是我。(注:笔语中宜用主格,即 It's I.)
It's me who broke it. 是我打破的。(注:笔语中宜用主格,如:It was she who gave me the book. 是她给了我那本书。)
3. she, he 的特殊用法
1) she可以表示雌性动物和温柔的动物, he 可代表凶猛、粗野的动物。
I've a lovely cat, and she is my friend. 我有一只可爱的猫,她是我的朋友。
The wolf is so hungry that he ate two rabbits in a minute. 狼很饿,不一会就吃了两只免子。
2) she可以代表船只,车辆、国家、故乡等
What's wrong with the car? She won't start. 车怎么啦?她发动不起来。
Australia is the largest Island in the World, but she has a population of just over 20 million people. 澳大利亚是世界上最大的岛国,但是她的人口只有两千多万。
3) he 可用于于泛指。常用于习语和谚语等。
He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好。
4. we, you, they 可用来泛指一般人。
We all make mistakes. 每个人都会犯错误。
You can never tell what will happen in the future. 谁都不敢说将来会发生什么事。
They say prices are going to increase again. 据说物价又要上涨。
5. it 可表示许多事物。
1) 天气
It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。
It's quite warm at the moment. 现在天气很暖和.
2)距离
It's two miles to the beach. 离海滨有两英里远。
How far is it to town hall? 这儿离市政厅多远?
3)用于指性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份
Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?
It's your mother on the phone. 是你母亲来的电话。
Who is it? - It's me. 是谁(来电话)? - 是我。
4) 时间、日期
What time is it? 现在几点钟?
It's ten past twelve. 现在十二点十分。
It's too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。
5) 表示抽象事物。可以代替一个词、词组或整个句子,以免重复。
When the factory closes, it will mean 500 people losing their jobs. 工厂如果关闭,就意味着500人要失业。
I love playing football. It keeps me fit. 我喜欢踢足球。它能让我保持健康。
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