现在完成进行时

1. 现在完成时的形式:
have/has been + 现在分词

2. 现在完成进行时的用法:
1) 表示一个过去发生并一直持续到现在的动作, 该动作常与现在状态有联系或产生影响。
* I've been thinking about changing my job. 我最近一直在考虑换工作。
* Who's been insulting you? 谁欺负你了？
* He has been reading this book for two hours, but he hasn't finished it. 这本书他已经读了两个小时了，但*他还没读完。
* The students have been preparing for the exam. 学生们一直在准备考试。
* The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2000年的造纸历史。
* You're out of breath. Have you been running? 你上气不接下气的。你一路跑过来的吗？

2) 表示动作的重复。
* I've been getting up early since I entered the college. 自从我进了大学后我一直都起得很早。
* Have you been meeting her lately? 你最近经常和她见面吗？
* We've been discussing the matter several times this year. 我们今年已数次讨论那件事。
* I have been saying goodbye to some friends today.我今天同好几个朋友告了别。
* You look so tired. What have you been doing? 你看起来很累，你一直在干什么？

3. 现在完成时进行时在表达时常和一些词连用:
1） 与how long, long 连用
* How long have you been swimming in the lake? 你在湖里游泳游了多长时间？
* How long have you been visiting this city？你在这座城市游览有多久了？
* I've been waiting to meet you long. 为了见你我等了很久。
* You have been working in front of that computer too long. No wonder you have got a headache. 你在那电脑前工作太久了。难怪你会头疼。
* It has been raining all day long. 下了一整天的雨。

2） 与 since, for 连用
* Mr. Smith has been living in London since 1978. 从1978年以来史密斯先生一直住在伦敦。
* She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁开始就一直在打网球。
* I've been visiting it since last Sunday. 自上星期天以来我一直在游览这座城市。
* He is ill. He's been lying in bed for three weeks. 他病了，已卧床三个星期了。
* How about my food? I have been sitting here for almost half an hour. 我点的餐行了吗？我已经等了快半个小时了。