上期为大家讲述了谓语就近原则使用上容易产生的误区,今天为大家讲解与之相反的谓语就远原则。谓语就远的情况也许在课堂上老师讲得不多,但是仍需引起重视,避免出现使用不当的情况。
何为谓语就远原则?就远原则,是指当用作主语的成分后面跟有由but, except, besides, including, like, with, as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, in addition to, combined with, rather than, together with等引出的短语时,谓语动词习惯上要与这些结构前面的主语保持一致(即与比较远的那个主语保持一致)。
误: | Jack as well as his younger sisters love playing video game. |
正: | Jack as well as his younger sisters loves playing video game. |
| (杰克和他的妹妹们都喜欢打电子游戏。) |
误: | You as well as Jim has to finish the homework on time. |
正: | You as well as Jim have to finish the homework on time. |
| (你和吉姆都必须按时完成家庭作业。) | 本句中存在短语as well as...,虽然其中文含义与and一样是“也;和……一样”,但是语法上却与大相径庭,and用的是复数,而as well as应该用谓语就远原则。误: | Nothing but two pencil are on the desk. |
正: | Nothing but two pencil is on the desk. |
| (桌上只有两只笔) |
误: | Everyone except you read it loud. |
正: | Everyone except you reads it loud. |
| (除了你,每个人都大声朗读。) | 以上两句中含有but或except,此两个单词意思均有转折意味,表示“除了...外,都...”,此处需要谓语就远原则。倘若弄不清楚,可以将but或except后的主语省略,就能看到主句Nothing (but two pencil) is on the desk.(桌上什么都没有(除了两支笔)。);Everyone (except you) reads it loud.(每个人都大声朗读(除了你)。),but和except后可看作是从句,真正句子的主语是Nothing和Everyone,因此他们才是谓语动词的真正承担者。 总结:谓语就远原则讲究的是找到句子真正的主语,即以上结构引导的主语可看作是从属部分,因而谓语动词需要与比较远的那个主语保持一致。
上一篇: 谓语就近原则
下一篇: 不定式to do使用易错点(上)